Correlation between 1H-MRS metabolites in hippocampal and T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To analyze the correlation between 1H-MRS in hippocampus and peripheral blood cytokines and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, and to explore the relationship between immune dysfunction and the degree of neuronal injury. Methods:Fifty patients with temporal lobe epilepsy were selected from Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from October 2020 to July 2021.Clinical data of all patients were collected and they were divided into two groups according to MRI results of epileptic sequence: abnormal hippocampal MRI group ( n=20) and normal hippocampal MRI group ( n=30). Bilateral 1H-MRS scanning of hippocampal and detection of T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood during interictal period were performed in both groups. The levels of hippocampal metabolites NAA, NAA/(Cr+ Cho), T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood of the two groups were compared.At the same time, the levels of NAA and NAA/ (Cr+ Cho) in the hippocampus on the abnormal side and the normal side in the abnormal hippocampal MRI group were compared within the group. Finally, the correlation between the levels of metabolites NAA, NAA/ (Cr+ Cho) in the hippocampus on the abnormal side obtained by 1H-MRS scanning and T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in the abnormal group of MRI was analyzed. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 26.0 software. Independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between the two groups. Paired sample t-test was used for intra group comparison of different sides. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between each index. Results:The NAA and NAA/(Cr+ Cho) values of the abnormal MRI group(normal side NAA: (1.22±0.37), NAA/(Cr+ Cho): (0.56±0.15). abnormal side NAA: (1.02±0.34), NAA/(Cr+ Cho): (0.48±0.13)) were significantly lower than those of the normal MRI group (NAA: (1.51±0.36), NAA/(Cr+ Cho): (0.73±0.19))(NAA: t=2.705, 4.800, both P<0 05; NAA/(Cr+ Cho): t=3.394, 4.914, both P<0 05). The values of NAA and NAA/(Cr+ Cho) in the abnormal side in the MRI abnormal group were significantly lower than those in the normal side( t=6.467, P<0 05). The levels of IL-1β(11.19(3.56, 20.98)pg/ml), IL-5 (3.12(1.86, 6.41)pg/ml), TNF-α(2.55(1.19, 8.28)pg/ml), CD4+ T lymphocytes((43.13±6.82)%) and Th/Ts((1.96±0.66)) in the hippocampal MRI abnormal group were significantly higher than those in normal MRI group (IL-1β: 3.27(1.63, 6.17)pg/ml, IL-5: 1.15(0.96, 2.96)pg/ml, TNF-α: 1.34(1.02, 2.36)pg/ml, CD4+ T: (38.01±7.21)%, Th/Ts: (1.48±0.53))( Z=-3.041, -2.516, -2.496, all P<0.05; t=2.511, 2.810, both P<0 05). The level of CD8+ T ((23.48±5.33)%) in peripheral blood of abnormal MRI group was significantly lower than that of normal group CD8+ T((27.18±6.08)%)( t=2.210, P<0.05). In the abnormal MRI group, the levels of NAA and NAA/ (Cr+ Cho) in the abnormal hippocampus were negatively correlated with the levels of IL-1β, IL-5 and TNF- α ( r=-0.612--0.463, all P<0.05), and positively correlated with CD8+ T lymphocytes ( r=0.537, 0.478, P<0.05). Conclusion:There is neuronal damage and dysfunction in the abnormal hippocampal region of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy with abnormal hippocampal formation, and the degree of neuronal damage is highly correlated with CD8+ T lymphocytes, IL-5, IL-1β and TNF-α in peripheral blood. The imbalance of interictal lymphocyte subsets and chronic inflammatory response may play an important role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and neuronal injury .

The value of signal intensity on T1-weighted chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging combined with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the diagnosis of adrenal adenomas / O valor da intensidade do sinal na sequência de deslocamento químico ponderada em T1 associada a espectroscopia de ressonância magnética no diagnóstico de adenomas adrenais

Abstract Objective: To investigate the advantages of using modified signal intensity measurements on chemical shift imaging alone or in conjunction with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the differential diagnosis of adrenal adenomas. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study involving 97 patients with adrenal nodules or masses. The signal intensity index (SII) was calculated as [(signal intensity on the in-phase image − signal intensity on the out-of-phase image) ∕ (signal intensity on the in-phase image)] × 100%. We determined the averages of the minimum, mean, and maximum signal intensity values measured on three consecutive images. When that was not possible (for smaller lesions), we used one or two images. We employed a region of interest that covered one half to two thirds of the mass. All indices were compared with metabolite ratios derived from spectroscopy: lactate/creatine; glutamine-glutamate/creatine; choline/creatine; choline/lipid; 4.0-4.3 ppm/Cr; and lipid/creatine. Results: Of the 97 patients evaluated, 69 were diagnosed with adenomas and 28 were diagnosed with nonadenomas. All SII measurements and spectroscopy-derived metabolite ratios were significant to the differentiation between adenomas and nonadenomas, except for the lipid/creatine and choline/lipid ratios. In 37.8% of the cases, it was not possible to perform spectroscopy. When it was possible, the lactate/creatine ratio was found to have higher accuracy than did the SII. Conclusion: Determining the SII and metabolite ratios increased the accuracy of the differential diagnosis of adrenal adenomas.

Resumo Objetivo: Investigar as vantagens do uso de medições do índice de intensidade de sinal modificadas em imagens de deslocamento químico (chemical shift), isoladamente ou em conjunto com a espectroscopia por ressonância magnética de prótons, no diagnóstico diferencial de adenomas adrenais. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo prospectivo envolvendo 97 pacientes com nódulos ou massas adrenais. O índice de intensidade do sinal (SII) foi calculado como [(intensidade do sinal na imagem em fase - intensidade do sinal na imagem fora de fase) ∕ (intensidade do sinal na imagem em fase)] × 100%. Determinamos as médias dos valores mínimo, médio e máximo da intensidade do sinal medida em três imagens consecutivas. Quando isso não foi possível (para lesões menores), usamos uma ou duas imagens. Nós empregamos uma região de interesse que cobria de metade a dois terços da massa. Todos os índices foram comparados com razões metabólicas derivadas da espectroscopia: lactato/creatina, glutamato-glutamina/creatina, colina/creatina, colina/lipídio, 4,0-4,3 ppm/creatina e lipídio/creatina. Resultados: Dos 97 pacientes avaliados, 69 foram diagnosticados como adenomas e 28 foram diagnosticados como não adenomas. Todas as medições SII e razões de metabólitos derivados da espectroscopia foram significativas para a diferenciação entre adenomas e não adenomas, exceto as razões lipídio/creatina e colina/lipídio. Em 37,8% dos casos não foi possível realizar espectroscopia. Quando possível, a razão lactato/creatina apresentou maior precisão do que o SII. Conclusão: A determinação das razões SII e metabólitos aumentaram a acurácia do diagnóstico diferencial de adenomas adrenais.

Effect of prodigiosin on the alleviation of the intestinal inflammation of weaned rats based on 1H-NMR spectroscopy study and biochemistry indexes

Weaning results in intestinal dysfunction, mucosal atrophy, transient anorexia, and intestinal barrier defects. In this study, the effect of prodigiosin (PG) on the intestinal inflammation of weaned rats was investigated by using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and biochemistry indexes to regulate the intestinal metabolism. After administration for 14 days, the body mass of the PG group was increased by 1.29- and 1.26-fold compared with those of the control and alcohol groups, respectively, using a dose of 200 µg PG·kg-1 body weight per day. PG increased organic acid content and decreased moisture, pH values, and free ammonia in feces. In addition, PG alleviated the intestinal inflammation of weaned rats. The analysis of 1H-NMR signal peak attribution and the model validation of metabolic data of feces contents showed that PG significantly affected the metabolism of small molecular compounds in the intestinal tract of weaned rats. This study presents the promising alternative of using PG to alleviate intestinal inflammation effectively in the intestinal tract of weaned rats.

Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging and hydrogen ion magnetic resonance spectroscopy for central neurocytoma / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To analyze the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (~1H-MRS) in the diagnosis of central neurocytoma (CNC).@*Methods@#From February 2010 to February 2018, the clinical data of 12 patients with CNC confirmed by surgery and pathology in Quzhou People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent MRI diagnosis before operation.Among them, 9 patients received ~1H-MRS check.@*Results@#In this group of 12 patients, 9 patients occurred in the 2/3 area of the lateral ventricle, 2 cases occurred in the posterior third of the lateral ventricle, 1 case occurred in the frontal lobe; 11 cases were solid tumors, and 1 case was cystic tumors.MRI showed plaque calcification in the tumor, distortion of vascular shadow, T1WI was equal low signal, T2WI was contoured mixed signal; 8 cases showed uneven light and moderate enhancement, 3 cases showed uneven enhancement, 1 case showed ring enhancement; 8 cases of ~1H-MRS showed a significant increase in choline peak (Cho), N-acetylaspartate (NAA) peak decreased, and Cho/NAA increased.Meanwhile, 1 case of glycine peak (Gly) increased.@*Conclusion@#CNC has specific MRI performance, and plays an important role in preoperative diagnosis and differential diagnosis.Combined with ~1H-MRS examination, it can grasp the tumor biochemical index and metabolism from the molecular level and improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis.

Cognitive function observation and clinical features of 100 cases of elderly patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 中华消化杂志

Objective To observe the changes of cognitive function,clinical characteristics and hippocampal structure in elderly patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods From December 2014 to June 2016,at Department of Geriatrics,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,169 elderly hospitalized patients who underwent health checkups were enrolled and divided into NAFLD group and non-NAFLD group.The clinical data of two groups were collected,and the Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA) was used for cognitive function assessment.The serum level of soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) was detected,the liver-spleen ratio was measured and hippocampal proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was performed.T test and linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results Among the 169 elderly patients,100 were NAFLD and 69 were non-NAFLD.The body mass index(BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR) of patients in NAFLD group were (25.9 ± 3.4) kg/m2 and 1.03 ± 0.13,respectively,which were higher than those in non-NAFLD group ((24.2 ± 3.7) kg/m2 and 0.95 ± 0.06),and the differences were statistically significant (t =-2.714 and-3.605,both P ＜0.01).MoCA score of the patients in NAFLD group was 20.1 ± 5.8,which was lower than that in non-NAFLD group (22.1 ± 4.4),and the difference was statistically significant(t =2.154,P =0.033).The serum sTfR level and liver-spleen computed tomography(CT) ratio of NAFLD group were (8.78 ± 4.31) mg/L and 0.97 ± 0.12,respectively,which were lower than those of non-NAFLD group ((12.66 ± 3.93) mg/L and 1.19 ± 0.15),and the differences were statistically significant(t =3.765 and 6.142,both P ＜ 0.01).The CT ratio of liver to spleen (β=7.597,95％ confidence interval(CI):2.938 to 12.935) and sTfR (β =0.552,95％ CI:0.304 to 0.787) were positively correlated with cognitive function in elderly patients (both P ＜ 0.01).The height of right hippocampus of NAFLD group was (0.410 ± 0.074) mm,which was lower than that of non-NAFLD group ((0.453 ± 0.086) ram),and the difference was statistically significant (t =2.078,P =0.042).Conclusion Cognitive impairment in elderly NAFLD patients is closely related to iron load and liver fat.

Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging and hydrogen ion magnetic resonance spectroscopy for cen-tral neurocytoma / 中国基层医药

Objective To analyze the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) and hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (～1H-MRS) in the diagnosis of central neurocytoma (CNC).Methods From February 2010 to February 2018,the clinical data of 12 patients with CNC confirmed by surgery and pathology in Quzhou People＇s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent MRI diagnosis before operation.Among them,9 patients received ～1H-MRS check.Results In this group of 12 patients,9 patients occurred in the 2/3 area of the lateral ventricle,2 cases occurred in the posterior third of the lateral ventricle,1 case occurred in the frontal lobe;11 cases were solid tumors,and 1 case was cystic tumors.MRI showed plaque calcification in the tumor, distortion of vascular shadow,T1WI was equal low signal,T2WI was contoured mixed signal;8 cases showed uneven light and moderate enhancement,3 cases showed uneven enhancement,1 case showed ring enhancement;8 cases of～1H-MRS showed a significant increase in choline peak (Cho),N-acetylaspartate (NAA) peak decreased,and Cho/NAA increased. Meanwhile, 1 case of glycine peak ( Gly) increased. Conclusion CNC has specific MRI performance,and plays an important role in preoperative diagnosis and differential diagnosis.Combined with ～1H-MRS examination,it can grasp the tumor biochemical index and metabolism from the molecular level and improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis.

Non-invasive quantification of hepatic fat content in healthy dogs by using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and dual gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging

The objective of the present study was to describe two non-invasive methods for fat quantification in normal canine liver by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy. Eleven adult beagle dogs were anesthetized and underwent magnetic resonance examination of the cranial abdomen by performing morphologic, modified Dixon (mDixon) dual gradient echo sequence, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H MRS) imaging. In addition, ultrasonographic liver examination was performed, fine-needle liver aspirates and liver biopsies were obtained, and hepatic triglyceride content was assayed. Ultrasonographic, cytologic, and histologic examination results were unremarkable in all cases. The median hepatic fat fraction calculated was 2.1% (range, 1.3%–5.5%) using mDixon, 0.3% (range, 0.1%–1.0%) using ¹H MRS, and 1.6% (range 1.0%–2.5%) based on triglyceride content. The hepatic fat fractions calculated using mDixon and ¹H MRS imaging were highly correlated to that based on triglyceride content. A weak correlation between mDixon and ¹H MRS imaging was detected. The results show that hepatic fat content can be estimated using non-invasive techniques (mDixon or ¹H MRS) in healthy dogs. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the use of these techniques in dogs with varying hepatic fat content and different hepatic disorders.

Animal Models of Demyelination and ¹H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

The proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) is a tool used to detect concentrations of brain metabolites such as N-acetyl aspartate, choline, creatine, glutamate, and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA). It has been widely used because it does not require additional devices other than the conventional magnetic resonance scanner and coils. Demyelination, or the neuronal damage due to loss of myelin sheath, is one of the common pathologic processes in many diseases including multiple sclerosis, leukodystrophy, encephalomyelitis, and other forms of autoimmune diseases. Rodent models mimicking human demyelinating diseases have been induced by using virus (e.g., Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus) or toxins (e.g., cuprizon or lysophosphatidyl choline). This review is an overview of the MRS findings on brain metabolites in demyelination with a specific focus on rodent models.

Analysis of factors correlated with hepatic triglyceride content in type 2 diabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between hepatic triglyceride content and glucose lipid metabolism,insulin resistance and β cell function.Methods A total of 32 type 2 diabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was recruited in this study.Hepatic triglyceride content was measured with liver proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out in all participants,with measurements of plasma glucose and insulin levels.The homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR),hepatic insulin resistance (HIR),and Matsuda Index (MSI) were used to assess insulin resistance.The homeostasis model assessment beta cell function (HOMA-βF),early insulin secretion index (EISI) and late insulin secretion index (LISI) were used to assess β cell function.Results Hepatic triglyceride contents had positive correlations with body mass index (BMI),waist circumference,Body fat,aspartate transaminase (AST),alanine transaminase (ALT),triglycerides (TG),HOMA-IR,HIR,and negative correlations with MSI.Stepwise regression analysis showed that body fat and HOMA-IR were independently risk factors for hepatic triglyceride contents.Conclusions Hepatic triglyceride content is closely correlated with obesity,liver function,blood lipid,and insulin resistance;especially obesity and insulin resistance are the most important factors.

1H-MRS research of cerebral metabolic changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To determine the efficacy of glucose-loweringtreatment by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS).Methods Bilateral frontal lobes of 45 male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) underwent 1 H-MRS separately bythe time it was first diagnosed.Among them,30 were treated with insulin,15 were rejected.The bilateral frontal lobes of all patients were re-examined with 1 H-MRS after 6 months.The ratios of metabolites in the frontal lobe were recorded and compared,and observing whether the lactate(Lac) peak appeared or not.Results Significantly higher values of the N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr)ratio and NAA/choline (Cho) ratio after 6 months (2.414 2± 0.206 6 and 2.244 2±0.341 5) were found in bilateral frontal lobes compared with pre-therapy (1.905 3±0.135 7 and 1.906 0±0.322 1)(P＜0.05).Significantly lower values of the NAA/Cr ratio and NAA/Cho ratio in the refuse treatment group(1.504 2 ± 0.262 4 and 1.510 0± 0.220 8) were found in bilateral frontal lobes compared with pre therapy (1.960 0±0.175 0 and 1.880 8±0.297 0)(P＜0.05).Lac peak was not detected in the all experiments.Conclusion 1 H-MRS provides valuable information in the assessment and evaluation of clinical efficacy and prognosis of T2DM by detecting the changes of brain metabolism.

Predictive Value of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Evaluation of Radiotherapy for Patients with Brain Metastases from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the predictive value of proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy for patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Fifty-six patients with brain metastases from NSCLC underwent 1H-MRS examination before treatment with stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) in addition to whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT).The patients were divided into two groups according to their pretreatment choline-to-creatinine (Cho/Cr) ratio.The therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy was compared between the two groups,and the prognostic value of 1H-MRS examination was analyzed.Results The median pretreatment Cho/Cr was 1.989.The overall survival rates at 1,3,and 5 years were 29.3％,0％,and 0％ in patients with higher pretreatment Cho/Cr,and 70.5％,22.3％,and 1.8％ in those with lower pretreatment Cho/Cr.The mean survival time was significantly lower in patients with higher pretreatment Cho/Cr than in those with lower pretreatment Cho/Cr (9.77 vs.24.67months,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Pretreatment Cho/Cr has a predictive value in the evaluation of radiotherapy for the treatment of NSCLC brain metastasis.Patients with higher pretreatment Cho/Cr have worse prognosis overall.

The value of 3D-DIXON in quantitative diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To access the value of three dimensional gradient echo two-point Dixon water-fat separation sequence (3 D-DIXON) in quantitative diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) by comparing with in-phase/opposed-phase (IN/OPP)and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H-MRS).Methods A total of 69 patients with NAFLD diagnosed by CT were divided into two groups by the ratio of liver spleen in CT (group A,low-grade fatty liver,n=32;group B,moderate and severe fatty liver,n=37).All patients underwent MR 3D-DIXION,1H MRS and IN/OPP examination twice within 1 week after CT examination.Fat fraction(FF) was evaluated and analyzed respectively.Results Pearson linear correlation analysis showed significant positive correlation between group A and group B about FF3D-DIXON,FFMRs and FFIN/OPP.Area under ROC curve (AUC) was different:AUCsYNTHESIZE＞AUCMRs＞AUCIN/OPP＞AUC3D-DIXON.Kruskal-Wallis H revealed significant difference among the three sequences no matter in group A or group B (P＜0.05).FF values of the three sequences (FF3D-DIXON,FFMRs and FFIN/OPP) were negatively correlated with CT liver/ spleen ratio in each group.The cut-off value of 3D-DIXON,IN/OPP and 1 H-MRS to diagnose presence or absence of fatty liver was 4.9 3 9 ％,5.2 8 4 ％ and 10.4 6 0 ％.Conclusion FF values measured by MRI methods might significantly vary based on different sequences.1 H-MRS is also the main method for quantitative assessment of fatty liver,3D-DIXON showed significant advantage in quantifying moderate and severe fatty liver.

Value of 1H-MRS on SCA3/MJD diagnosis and clinical course / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the value of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) on the diagnosis of SCA3/MJD,and to calculate the correlation between 1H-MRS ratio and the clinical score.Methods:Sixteen patients with SCA3/MJD and 19 healthy volunteers were scanned with 1H-MRS.The data of N-acetyl aspartate,creatine,choline-containing compounds,myoinositol,NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr,and mI/Cr ratio were collected,which were grouped for comparative study.The onset patients with SCA3/MJD were evaluated with the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale and Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia,the correlation between NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr or mI/Cr ratio and the clinical score was calculated.Results:The NAA/Cr in the pons and cerebellar dentate nucleus from the onset patients with SCA3/MJD was significantly reduced compared to that in the normal control group.The NAA/Cr in the cerebellar dentate nucleus of onset patients with SCA3/MJD was obviously correlated with ICARS.Conclusion:SCA3/MJD lesions are mainly located in the cerebellum and brainstem,where gray and white mater are also involved.The cerebellar dentate nucleus may be the earliest involved area.There is a correlation between the ICARS and the cerebellar lesion degree.The ICARS reflects the severity of clinical manifestations.1H-MRS is useful in the diagnosis of SCA3/MJD.

Application of 9.4 T 1 H-MR spectroscopy in determination of lactate in brain of mice with early acute hypoxia-ischeia injury and its significance / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the lactate metabolism in brain tissue of the mice with early acute hypoxia-ischemia injury,and to provide data support for 9.4T 1 H-NMR spectroscopy in detecting the lactate level clinically.Methods:Eighty Kunming mice were randomly divided into sixteen groups (0 s,20 s,40 s,60 s,2 min,4 min, 6 min,8 min, 10 min, 12 min, 14 min, 16 min, 18 min,and 20 min)according to the duration of hypoxia-ischemia (n=5).The changes of lactate levels were detected by 9.4T 1 H-NMR spectroscopy. Results:After the initiation of hypoxia-ischemia injury,the lactate level began to increase rapidly to the highest value of (6.89 ± 0.34)μmol·g-1 at 20 s,then started to decline quickly from 40 s to 2 min,and eventually decreased to a stable level of (4.85±0.36)μmol·g-1 until 6 min.Compared with control group,the levels of lactate in brain tissue of the mice in hypoxic-ischemic groups were increased (P <0.01).Conclusion:40 s of acute hypoxia-ischemia may be the lactate cerebral neuron threshold during the anaerobic glycolysis. 9.4T1 H-MRS can provide the exact time window for detecting the lactate metabolism.

A neurometabolite study of chronic daily headache in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using magnetic resonance spectroscopy: comparison with fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) includes a broad spectrum of neurologic and psychiatric manifestations. One of the most commonly observed neuropsychiatric symptoms is headache. However, the lack of specific clinical distinctions for headache in SLE has made it difficult to elucidate its pathophysiology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the neurometabolic changes using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in patients with SLE who suffer from chronic daily headache (CDH). METHODS: SLE and fibromyalgia patients with CDH and healthy controls were recruited (n = 9, n = 5, and n = 6, respectively). 1H-MRS metabolite ratios were evaluated in bilateral basal ganglia (BG) and bilateral peritrigonal white matter (PWM). RESULTS: 1H-MRS showed a significantly decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) ratio in right BG in SLE patients with CDH compared to fibromyalgia patients with CDH and normal controls (p = 0.029 and p = 0.020, respectively). Left PWM NAA/Cr and choline/Cr ratios in SLE patients with CDH were lower than those in fibromyalgia patients with CDH (p = 0.019 and p = 0.029, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the possibility that CDH in patients with SLE might be associated with neuronal dysfunction and neurometabolic changes.

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in epilepsy: key findings / Espectroscopia de prótons por ressonância magnética em epilepsia: principais achados / Espectroscopia de protones por resonancia magnética en epilepsia: principales hallazgos

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive technique useful both in research and neuroclini- cal evaluation. It relies on the same physical principles of magnetic resonance imaging providing information on chemical compounds in vivo. MRS uses the magnetic properties of several nuclei such as 13C, 31P and 19F, although the 1H is the most common due to its abundance and magnetic resonance signal sensitivity. Particularly in the last two decades, MRS has helped to better understand epilepsy and characterize its metabolic changes. In this review article, we aimed to point out the main contributions of MRS for epilepsy, focusing on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS).

A espectroscopia por ressonância magnética (ERM) é uma técnica não invasiva útil tanto em pesquisa quanto em avaliação neuroclínica. Baseia-se nos mesmos princípios físicos da ressonância magnética (RM) convencional, fornecendo informações sobre compostos químicos in vivo. A ERM usa as propriedades magnéticas de vários núcleos, como 13C, 31P e 19F, embora o 1H seja o mais utilizado devido a sua abundância e à sensibilidade do sinal de ressonância magnética. Especialmente nas duas últimas déca- das, a ERM tem ajudado a compreender melhor a epilepsia e a caracterizar suas alterações metabólicas. Nesse artigo de revisão, buscamos apontar as principais contribuições da ERM para a epilepsia, com foco em espectroscopia de prótons por ressonância magnética (1H-ERM).

La espectroscopia por resonancia magnética (ERM) es una técnica no invasiva utilizada en la investigación y en la evaluación neurológica clínica. Se basa en los mismos principios físicos de la resonancia magnética (RM) convencional, proporcionando informa- ción sobre compuestos químicos in vivo. Para este fin, la ERM utiliza las propiedades magnéticas de diversos núcleos tales como 13C, 19F y 31P. Sin embargo, el 1H es el más utilizado debido a su abundancia y la mayor sensibilidad de la señal de resonancia magnética. Especialmente en las últimas dos décadas, el uso de la ERM ha ayudado a comprender mejor la epilepsia y caracterizar sus cambios metabólicos. En este artículo de revisión tratamos de señalar las principales aportaciones de la ERM para la epilepsia, centrándonos en la espectroscopia de protones por resonancia magnética.

Biochemical characterization of blood plasma of coronary artery disease patients by in vitro high-resolution proton NMR spectroscopy.

This study aimed to investigate the biochemical profile of blood plasma of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and angiographically normal subjects (controls) to determine biomarkers for their differentiation. In this double blind study, 5 mL venous blood was drawn before angiography from CAD patients (n=60) and controls (n=13) comprising angiography normal individuals. In vitro high-resolution NMR spectroscopy of these blood plasma samples was carried out at 400 MHz, and intensity data were analysed with partial least square discriminant analysis. Categorization of subjects as controls or CAD patients and the patients further as single vessel disease (SVD), double vessel disease (DVD) and triple vessel disease (TVD) was done at the end of the study based on their angiography reports. Raised levels of lipids, alanine (Ala) and isoleucine/leucine/valine (Ile/Leu/Val) were observed in CAD patients compared with controls. Partial least square discriminant analysis showed separation between controls vs CAD patients. TVD patients showed increased levels of Ile/Leu/Val and Ala compared with controls and SVD. Alanine, Ile/Leu/Val, and LDL/VLDL appear as possible biomarkers for distinguishing between controls and patients with SVD and TVD. A metabolic adaptation of myocardium may play a role in raising the Ala level.

Combined use of MRI and 1 H proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy on the detection of brain metabolites and different brain areas of volume in small for gestational age / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective By 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy( 1 H MRS) ,small for gestational age (SGA)and appropriate for gestational age(AGA) as the detection of brain metabolites and MRI plus soft-ware measurement in different brain areas of volume,investigate its cerebral metabolites and the changes of brain in different parts of the volume and significance. Methods Select 88 patients eligible infants, SGA group of 27 cases and AGA group of 21 cases of premature infants;SGA group of 22 cases and AGA group of 18 cases of term infants. Preterm infants with a gestational age of 32 to 36 weeks,term infants with a gesta-tional age of 37 to 41 weeks. Check time between 4 to 7 days old. Calculation of cerebrum volume,cerebellar volume and cerebrospinal fluid volume and intracranial volume,N-acetylaspartic acid(NAA),as 1H MRS area of metabolites measured right frontal choline compounds( Cho) and creatine compounds( Cr) wave,calcu-lation of Cho/Cr and NAA/Cho ratio of NAA/Cr. Results NAA/Cr,the cerebrum volume and intracranial volume of SGA in premature infants group,term infants group and mixed group were 0. 627 ± 0. 183,(2. 831 ±0. 199) ×105 mm3,(3. 178 ±0. 209) ×105 mm3;0. 706 ±0. 139,(3. 056 ±0. 217) ×105 mm3,(3. 411 ± 0. 212 ×105 mm3;0. 708 ± 0. 171,(2. 932 ± 0. 234) × 105 mm3,(3. 282 ± 0. 239) × 105 mm3,respective-ly. NAA/Cr,the cerebrum volume and intracranial volume of AGA in premature infants group,term infants group and mixed group were 0. 734 ± 0. 101,(2. 987 ± 0. 111) × 105 mm3,(3. 347 ± 0. 137) × 105 mm3;0. 805 ± 0. 106, ( 3. 228 ± 0. 284 ) × 105 mm3 , ( 3. 588 ± 0. 306 ) × 105 mm3; 0. 721 ± 0. 119, ( 3. 098 ± 0.240) ×105 mm3,(3.458 ±0.258) ×105 mm3,respectively. The data of SGA group were all lower than those in AGA group,which had significant difference(P0. 05,respectively). In the premature infants groups,the NAA/Cho of SGA group(0. 401 ± 0. 737) was lower than in the AGA group(0. 506 ± 0. 116), which had significant difference(P=0. 000). In the term infants groups,the NAA/Cho of SGA group(0. 483 ±0. 605) was lower than in the AGA group(0. 472 ± 0. 987),which had no significant difference(P =0. 653). In the AGA groups,NAA/Cr,NAA/Cho,cerebellar volume and cerebrospinal fluid volume of pre-mature infants group and term infants group had no significant difference ( P>0. 05 ) . Both of the cerebellar volume and cerebrospinal fluid volume between the premature infants AGA group and premature infants AGA group had no significant difference(P>0. 05). Conclusion Neurons in the brain,the cerebrum volume,the cranial cavity volume and NAA/Cr of SGA was significantly lower than those of AGA,but Cho/Cr,cerebel-lar volume and cerebrospinal fluid volume of SGA and AGA had no significant difference. NAA/Cr in the brain and the cerebrum volume of SGA may be associated with low volume of small nerve mental retarda-tion,worthy of further study.

Hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study on early Wallerian degeneration of the pyramidal tract after cerebral infarction / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility of hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H-MRS)for detection of Wallerian degeneration of the pyramidal tract after cerebral infarction.Methods Multiple metabolic indices including NAA,Cho, Cr of the bilateral cerebral peduncle were detected by using 1 H-MRS in 1 5 patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery infarction and 1 5 age-matched healthy volunteers,NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr were also calculated.Comparing the difference between cerebral infarction group and the control group ,the ROC curve was analyzed.Results The values of NAA/Cr in the ipsilateral cerebral peduncle of cerebral infarction patients were significantly lower than that of the contralateral,and there were significant differences between the two groups(P 0.05),the Cho/Cr values of the ipsilateral and the contralateral cerebral peduncle had no significant difference compared with the control group (P >0.05).Conclusion 1 H-MRS can detect Wallerian degeneration of the pyramidal tract after cerebral infarction.

The combined analysis of susceptibility weighted imaging and proton spectroscopy sequence by high field magnetic resonance in the first-episode depression patients / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective Combined with susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to study the hippocampus in the first-episode depression patients for exploring the causal relationship.Methods 20 first-episode depression patients and 20 healthy volunteers underwent SWI scanning and hippocampal 1H-MRS image,analysis and comparison the changes between the venous system and metabolism of two groups.Results Proton spectroscopy analysis showed that compared with the control group,bilateral hippocampal NAA/Cr(left hippocampus:depression group 0.95±0.77,control group 1.78±0.82; right hippocampus:depression group 1.12±0.74,control group 1.91 ± 0.80) and Cho/Cr (left hippocampus:depression group 1.08±0.83,control group 1.75±0.73 ; right hippocampus:depression group 0.91±0.68,control group 1.95 ±0.74) in the depression group was significantly lower,the difference was significant(NAA/Cr:t value in left and right were -3.14,-3.49,P＜0.05; Cho/Cr:t value in left and right were-3.25,-3.19,P＜0.05),however MI/Cr had no obvious changes (t value in left and right were 1.24,-1.27,P＞0.05).Magnetic sensitive scan showed depression group compared with the control group was significantly reduced in lateral vein diameter,length and branches (t value were 3.23,4.56,2.66,P＜0.05).Conclusion The SWI sequence and 1H-MRS imaging methods can become a new research idea about the central nucleus,and this idea may explain the causal relationship between the hippocampus in depression patients of vascular abnormalities and hippocampal neuronal metabolic abnormalities.